Spam E-mail
In short: Spam e-mails are unwanted mass mails with advertising, fraud or malware.
In more detail: A large share of worldwide mail traffic is spam. It is often sent via botnets.
In Depth
Dangers
Fraud, phishing, malware in attachments, waste of time and storage.
Filters
Server-side spam filters, SPF/DKIM/DMARC, blocklists. Mail programs learn from “Mark as spam”.
See also: Spam, Phishing Mails, Botnets