Anaphylaxis and Allergic Shock: First Aid

Short: Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening, whole-body allergic reaction that can occur within minutes, for example after insect stings, certain foods, or medications. Fast action is crucial, as the condition can deteriorate rapidly.

In more detail: Unlike a local allergic reaction, anaphylaxis affects several body systems simultaneously, such as skin, breathing, and circulation.

Note: Not a substitute for medical advice.

In detail

• Recognizing warning signs: Hives, facial swelling, shortness of breath, racing heart, or dizziness can indicate onset of anaphylaxis.
• Calling emergency services: If anaphylaxis is suspected, call emergency services immediately, even if symptoms initially seem mild.
• Epinephrine auto-injector: People with known severe allergies often carry an epinephrine pen, which should be used at the first signs.
• Positioning: Sit the person upright for breathing difficulties, or lay flat with legs raised for circulatory problems, to support circulation.
• Second reaction possible: After initial improvement, a renewed, so-called biphasic reaction can occur hours later.
• Avoiding triggers: Known allergens like certain nuts, seafood, or insect venom should be consistently avoided.
• Creating an emergency plan: People with severe allergies should develop an individual emergency plan with a doctor for critical situations (vergiftungen-im-haushalt-erste-schritte, wiederbelebung-und-defibrillator-grundlagen).