How an elevator works

In short: An elevator moves the car on ropes over a drive sheave; a counterweight relieves the motor. Several safety systems prevent a fall.

In more detail: The counterweight corresponds to about the weight of the car plus half the rated load.

In detail

• Traction elevator: Steel ropes run over a traction sheave; a motor turns it.
• Counterweight: Saves energy, only the difference has to be moved (hebel-und-flaschenzug).
• Hydraulic elevator: A piston pushes the car up, mostly for low buildings.
• Safety gear: Clamps the car to the guide rails if it becomes too fast.
• Doors and sensors: Light barriers prevent trapping.
• Control: Collects calls and plans efficient trips.
• Escalator: A chain drives steps that flatten at the top.
• In an emergency: Press the alarm button and wait; never climb out of the car.