Macro photography: basics

In short: Macro photography shows small objects like insects, flowers, or water drops in extreme close-up, often larger than in reality. It requires special technique and a lot of patience for sharp, detailed shots.

In more detail: True macro photography is defined by a magnification ratio of at least 1:1, where the object appears on the sensor exactly as large as in reality.

In detail

• Macro lenses: Special macro lenses allow very short focusing distances and high magnification ratios with good image quality.
• Depth of field: In macro shots, the depth of field is extremely shallow, often just a few millimetres, requiring precise focusing.
• Tripod and stability: A stable tripod or a macro rail minimises camera shake, which is especially noticeable in close-ups.
• Lighting: Ring flashes or small, diffuse light sources provide even illumination without harsh shadows on the subject.
• Focus stacking: Several shots with different focus points can be combined on a computer into one image with greater depth of field.
• Affordable entry options: Close-up lenses and extension tubes offer a cost-effective alternative to expensive macro lenses for beginners.
• Subject choice: Insects, dew drops, and textile structures are among the most popular subjects, each requiring a different approach (blende-und-schaerfentiefe, weissabgleich-und-farbtemperatur).