Charging types for EVs: AC, DC and charging power

In short: When charging an EV you distinguish alternating current (AC), where the onboard charger converts, and direct current (DC), where the charging station feeds the battery directly.

In more detail: Charging power is given in kilowatts (kW). More kW means shorter charging time, but only up to the limit the car and battery allow.

In detail

• Household socket: About 2.3 kW. Very slow, for emergencies only.
• Wallbox: Usually 11 kW AC. Overnight the car is normally full.
• Public AC post: 11 to 22 kW, depending on the car’s onboard charger.
• DC fast charging: 50 to over 250 kW. Ideal for trips.
• Charging curve: Power falls towards the end, usually from about 80 percent. That is why on trips you often charge only to 80.
• Connector: In Europe CCS (Type 2 plus two DC contacts) is the standard.