NOVA classification

In short: NOVA sorts foods into four groups by degree of industrial processing, from unprocessed (1) to ultra-processed (4).

In more detail: It was developed by researchers at the University of São Paulo. Group 4 contains ingredients or additives not used in a kitchen, such as flavourings, emulsifiers, modified starch or glucose-fructose syrup.

Our context: The product scanner shows the NOVA group from the database and deducts clearly for group 4.

In Depth

1. Unprocessed or minimally processed: fruit, vegetables, eggs, milk, meat, legumes, nuts, rice.
2. Processed culinary ingredients: oils, butter, sugar, salt, flour.
3. Processed foods: bread, cheese, tinned goods, pickles. Usually 2 to 3 ingredients.
4. Ultra-processed products: soft drinks, sweets, ready meals, many breakfast cereals, sausage products.

• Evidence: Many observational studies link a high share of ultra-processed foods with obesity and other diseases. Cause and effect are still being researched.
• Limits: Ultra-processed products also differ greatly; a factory wholemeal bread is not the same as an energy drink.

See also: Nutri-Score, E numbers (food additives)