Quitting or changing an apprenticeship: What applies?

In short: During probation the apprentice can terminate at any time without notice; afterwards only with four weeks’ notice if training is given up entirely or the occupation changed, or by a termination agreement.

In more detail: Not every apprenticeship fits. Whoever is unhappy has several options without blocking their future. Deadlines, written form and a look at the consequences matter, for example for child benefit, social insurance and the crediting of earlier time.

In Depth

Probation

Probation lasts one to four months. During this time both sides can terminate at any time without observing a notice period and without giving reasons (§ 22 para. 1 BBiG). The termination must be in writing.

After probation

The apprentice can terminate with four weeks’ notice if they want to give up the training or be trained for a different occupation. The reason must be stated in writing. Whoever only wants to change company but continue in the same occupation cannot simply terminate. Then a termination agreement that both sides accept helps, or termination for good cause (for example serious breaches of duty by the company). The training company may terminate without notice only for good cause.

Changing instead of quitting

For problems in the company, first talk to the trainer, then the training advisory service of the chamber (IHK or HWK), which also mediates in conflicts. A change of company within the same occupation usually has earlier training time credited. The chamber also helps with training place exchanges. Reasons such as bullying, missing instruction or tasks unrelated to training should be documented.

Consequences and help

Before terminating, the next step should be settled so that no gap arises (child benefit and family insurance often depend on the training). With minors the parents are involved. The employment agency advises on career guidance, re-placement and aids such as vocational training allowance. Quitting is no disgrace: many find a better-fitting path afterwards. This article is not legal advice.

See also: Probation and termination, Vocational Training Act, Training contract, Competent body (IHK)