VRR: G-Sync and FreeSync

In short: Variable refresh rate (VRR) lets the monitor update its image exactly when the graphics card has a new one ready. That removes tearing and stutter. G-Sync (Nvidia) and FreeSync (AMD) are the well-known implementations.

In more detail: Without VRR the monitor refreshes at a fixed rate, say 60 times a second. If the graphics card delivers a frame in between, tearing results. With V-Sync the card waits for the beat, which brings stutter and delay.

In Depth

• Principle: The monitor waits for the card’s frame, within a range (for example 48 to 165 Hz).
• FreeSync: Open standard (VESA Adaptive-Sync), no extra hardware. Tiers such as FreeSync Premium.
• G-Sync: Classically with its own module in the monitor, later “G-Sync Compatible” for Adaptive-Sync devices.
• Connection: HDMI 2.1 (VRR) or DisplayPort. Consoles use VRR too.
• Below the floor: If the frame rate drops too low, “low framerate compensation” doubles frames.
• Tip: VRR on, V-Sync on in the driver, cap the frame rate just below the monitor’s refresh rate.
• Side effect: On OLED, brightness flicker can become visible at strongly fluctuating frame rates.

See also: Sync display