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BIOS and UEFI update: When and how

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tagsglossar, hardware, firmware

2 min read

BIOS and UEFI update: When and how

In short: A firmware update of the motherboard fixes bugs, adds processor support and security corrections, but is risky and should only be done for a reason.

In more detail: BIOS or UEFI is the firmware that starts the hardware at power-on and loads the operating system. Manufacturers release new versions. An update is not mandatory: if everything works, waiting is usually right. Whoever needs it must carry it out carefully, because an interrupted update can make the motherboard unusable.

In Depth

When it makes sense

  • A new processor is only recognised by the board with new firmware.
  • Known security vulnerabilities of the firmware (for example in Secure Boot) have been fixed.
  • Problems with memory compatibility, USB, power-saving modes or stability are named in the change notes.
  • New features such as Resizable BAR or better memory support. Read the changelog of the version before you decide.

How to do it

  1. Determine the exact motherboard model and current BIOS version (in the BIOS or via msinfo32, dmidecode).
  2. Download the update only from the manufacturer’s site.
  3. Usually copy the file to a USB stick (FAT32) and start it in the BIOS menu with the built-in tool (for example EZ Flash, M-Flash, Q-Flash). Some boards have BIOS Flashback (update by button without a processor).
  4. Do not interrupt power during it; connect the charger for laptops, do not switch off the computer.
  5. Afterwards check settings; they are often reset.

Risks

A power failure or crash while flashing can “brick” the board. Many boards have dual BIOS or recovery that catch this. A downgrade is not always possible. Update programs under Windows are convenient but a source of errors; the UEFI’s own tool is more reliable. For laptops, manufacturers often deliver updates via Windows Update or fwupd on Linux (LVFS).

Addendum

Note important BIOS settings before an update (boot order, XMP/EXPO, fan curves, RAID mode). If drives are encrypted with BitLocker, keep the recovery key ready, since a firmware update can change the TPM state.

See also: BIOS, UEFI, Boot process, BitLocker

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