Common Lisp: Spickzettel

Die programmierbare Programmiersprache mit Makros

Ausführen: Datei hallo.lisp speichern und mit sbcl --script hallo.lisp ausführen (SBCL von sbcl.org).

sbcl --script hallo.lisp         # Skript ausführen
sbcl                              # interaktive Konsole (REPL)
* (load "hallo.lisp")             ; Datei laden
* (quit)                          ; beenden

(defun quadrat (x)
  "Gibt x zum Quadrat zurück."
  (* x x))

(defun addiere (a b) (+ a b))

(defun begruesse (name &optional (gruss "Hallo"))
  (format nil "~a, ~a!" gruss name))

(defun summe (&rest zahlen)
  (apply #'+ zahlen))

(defun person (&key name (alter 18))
  (format nil "~a (~a)" name alter))

(format t "~a ~a~%" (quadrat 7) (addiere 3 4))
(format t "~a~%" (begruesse "Mia"))
(format t "~a~%" (begruesse "Mia" "Servus"))
(format t "~a~%" (summe 1 2 3 4 5))
(format t "~a ~a~%" (person :name "Tom") (person :alter 30 :name "Zoe"))
(format t "~a~%" (documentation 'quadrat 'function))

(let ((l '(5 3 9 1 7)))
  (format t "~a ~a ~a~%" (length l) (first l) (car (last l)))
  (format t "~a ~a~%" (nth 2 l) (subseq l 1 3))
  (format t "~a~%" (reverse l))
  (format t "~a~%" (sort (copy-list l) #'<))
  (format t "~a~%" (append l '(8 9)))
  (format t "~a ~a~%" (member 9 l) (position 9 l))
  (format t "~a~%" (remove 9 l))
  (format t "~a~%" (remove-if #'evenp '(1 2 3 4 5 6)))
  (format t "~a~%" (remove-duplicates '(1 2 2 3 3 3)))
  (format t "~a~%" (push 0 l))
  (format t "~a~%" l)
  (format t "~a~%" (pop l))
  (format t "~a ~a~%" (reduce #'+ l) (reduce #'max l))
  (format t "~a~%" (count 1 '(1 2 1 3 1)))
  (format t "~a~%" (union '(1 2 3) '(3 4)))
  (format t "~a~%" (intersection '(1 2 3) '(2 3 4)))
  (format t "~a~%" (set-difference '(1 2 3 4) '(2 4))))

(let ((code '(+ 1 2 3)))
  (format t "~a~%" code)
  (format t "~a~%" (first code))
  (format t "~a~%" (eval code))
  (setf (first code) '*)
  (format t "~a = ~a~%" code (eval code)))

(let ((x 10) (name 'y))
  (format t "~a~%" `(wert ,x))
  (format t "~a~%" `(summe ,@(list 1 2 3) ende))
  (format t "~a~%" `(,name ist ,(* x 2))))

(defstruct person
  name
  (alter 0)
  (hobbys nil))

(let ((p (make-person :name "Mia" :alter 17)))
  (format t "~a ~a~%" (person-name p) (person-alter p))
  (setf (person-alter p) 18)
  (push "Lesen" (person-hobbys p))
  (format t "~a ~a~%" (person-alter p) (person-hobbys p))
  (format t "~a~%" (person-p p))
  (let ((kopie (copy-person p)))
    (setf (person-name kopie) "Tom")
    (format t "~a ~a~%" (person-name p) (person-name kopie)))
  (format t "~a~%" p))

(format t "~a und ~s~%" "Text" "Text")
(format t "Dezimal ~d, binär ~b, oktal ~o, hex ~x~%" 255 255 255 255)
(format t "Fließkomma ~f, ~,2f, ~e~%" 3.14159 3.14159 31415.9)
(format t "Breite |~8d|~8@a|~8a|~%" 42 "re" "li")
(format t "~r~%" 21)
(format t "~:r ~@r~%" 3 14)
(format t "~{~a ~}~%" '(1 2 3))
(format t "~{~a~^, ~}~%" '(a b c))
(format t "~{(~a . ~a) ~}~%" '(x 1 y 2))
(format t "~a~[ null~; eins~; zwei~]~%" "Zahl:" 1)
(format t "~:[nein~;ja~]~%" t)
(format t "~(KLEIN~) ~@(titel~)~%")
(format t "~%Mit ~10t Tabulator~%")
(format t "~a~%" (format nil "~3,'0d" 7))
(format t "~,,'.,4:d~%" 1234567)

curl -O https://beta.quicklisp.org/quicklisp.lisp
sbcl --load quicklisp.lisp --eval '(quicklisp-quickstart:install)' --eval '(ql:add-to-init-file)'
sbcl --eval '(ql:quickload "alexandria")'

(let ((tabelle '(("length" . 3) ("reverse" . 3))))
  (dolist (zeile tabelle)
    (format t "~10a ~a~%" (car zeile) (cdr zeile))))
(format t "~a~%" (list (type-of 1) (type-of 1/2) (type-of 1.0d0) (type-of #\a)))
(format t "~a~%" (list (equal '(1 2) '(1 2)) (eq 'a 'a) (eql 1.0 1.0) (= 1 1.0)))
(format t "~a~%" (list (string 'abc) (symbol-name 'xyz) (intern "FOO")))
(format t "~a~%" (loop for i below 5 collect (expt 2 i)))