Ada: Spickzettel

Sicherheitskritische Software mit starker Typisierung

Ausführen: Datei main.adb speichern, mit gnatmake main.adb übersetzen und ./main starten (GNAT, Teil der GCC-Compiler-Suite; Dateiname muss zum Hauptprogramm passen).

gnatmake main.adb          # übersetzen und binden, erzeugt ./main
./main
gnatmake -gnat2022 -gnata main.adb   # Ada 2022 und Zusicherungen
gprbuild -P projekt.gpr    # Projektdatei
alr init --bin demo        # Alire: Paketmanager für Ada

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;

procedure Main is
   N : Integer := 15;
   Note : Integer := 2;
begin
   if N mod 15 = 0 then
      Put_Line ("FizzBuzz");
   elsif N mod 3 = 0 then
      Put_Line ("Fizz");
   elsif N mod 5 = 0 then
      Put_Line ("Buzz");
   else
      Put_Line (Integer'Image (N));
   end if;

   case Note is
      when 1      => Put_Line ("sehr gut");
      when 2 | 3  => Put_Line ("gut bis befriedigend");
      when 4 .. 5 => Put_Line ("ausreichend bis mangelhaft");
      when others => Put_Line ("ungültig");
   end case;

   if N > 10 and then N < 20 then
      Put_Line ("zwischen 10 und 20");
   end if;
   Put_Line (Boolean'Image (N = 15 or N = 16));
   Put_Line (Boolean'Image (not (N > 3)));
   Put_Line (Boolean'Image ((N > 3) xor (N > 20)));
end Main;

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;

procedure Main is
   type Prozent is range 0 .. 100;
   type Temperatur is digits 5 range -273.15 .. 1000.0;
   type Farbe is (Rot, Gruen, Blau);
   subtype Kleine_Zahl is Integer range 1 .. 10;
   type Wochentag is (Mo, Di, Mi, Don, Fr, Sa, So);
   subtype Werktag is Wochentag range Mo .. Fr;

   P : Prozent := 75;
   T : Temperatur := 21.5;
   F : Farbe := Gruen;
   K : Kleine_Zahl := 5;
   W : Wochentag := Mi;
begin
   Put_Line (Prozent'Image (P));
   Put_Line (Farbe'Image (F) & Integer'Image (Farbe'Pos (F)));
   Put_Line (Farbe'Image (Farbe'Succ (F)));
   Put_Line (Boolean'Image (W in Werktag));
   Put_Line (Boolean'Image (Wochentag'Succ (W) = Don));
   Put_Line (Integer'Image (Kleine_Zahl'First) & Integer'Image (Kleine_Zahl'Last));
   for Tag in Wochentag loop
      Put (Wochentag'Image (Tag) & " ");
   end loop;
   New_Line;
   Put_Line (Boolean'Image (T > 20.0));
   K := K + 5;
   Put_Line (Integer'Image (K));
   K := K + 1;
   Put_Line ("nicht erreicht");
exception
   when Constraint_Error =>
      Put_Line ("Wertebereich verletzt");
end Main;

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;

procedure Main is

   package Zaehler is
      procedure Erhoehe;
      function Wert return Natural;
   private
      Stand : Natural := 0;
   end Zaehler;

   package body Zaehler is
      procedure Erhoehe is
      begin
         Stand := Stand + 1;
      end Erhoehe;
      function Wert return Natural is (Stand);
   end Zaehler;

begin
   Zaehler.Erhoehe;
   Zaehler.Erhoehe;
   Put_Line (Natural'Image (Zaehler.Wert));
end Main;

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;

procedure Main is

   task type Arbeiter (Id : Positive; Anzahl : Positive);

   task body Arbeiter is
      Summe : Natural := 0;
   begin
      for I in 1 .. Anzahl loop
         Summe := Summe + I;
      end loop;
      delay 0.01 * Id;
      Put_Line ("Arbeiter" & Positive'Image (Id) & ": " & Natural'Image (Summe));
   end Arbeiter;

   A1 : Arbeiter (1, 10);
   A2 : Arbeiter (2, 100);
   A3 : Arbeiter (3, 1000);
begin
   null;   -- Hauptprogramm wartet automatisch auf seine Tasks
end Main;

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Ada.Containers.Vectors;
with Ada.Containers.Indefinite_Ordered_Maps;
with Ada.Containers.Ordered_Sets;

procedure Main is
   package Int_Vektor is new Ada.Containers.Vectors (Index_Type => Positive, Element_Type => Integer);
   package Alter_Map is new Ada.Containers.Indefinite_Ordered_Maps (String, Natural);
   package Int_Set is new Ada.Containers.Ordered_Sets (Integer);
   package Sortierer is new Int_Vektor.Generic_Sorting;
   use Int_Vektor;

   V : Vector;
   M : Alter_Map.Map;
   S : Int_Set.Set;
   Summe : Integer := 0;
begin
   V.Append (5); V.Append (3); V.Append (9);
   V.Prepend (1);
   Put_Line (Ada.Containers.Count_Type'Image (V.Length) & Integer'Image (V.First_Element) & Integer'Image (V.Last_Element));
   for X of V loop
      Summe := Summe + X;
   end loop;
   Put_Line (Integer'Image (Summe));
   Sortierer.Sort (V);
   for X of V loop Put (Integer'Image (X)); end loop;
   New_Line;

   M.Insert ("Mia", 17);
   M.Insert ("Tom", 25);
   M.Include ("Mia", 18);
   for C in M.Iterate loop
      Put_Line (Alter_Map.Key (C) & " =" & Natural'Image (Alter_Map.Element (C)));
   end loop;
   Put_Line (Boolean'Image (M.Contains ("Tom")) & Boolean'Image (M.Contains ("Zoe")));

   S.Insert (3); S.Insert (1); S.Include (3); S.Insert (2);
   Put_Line (Ada.Containers.Count_Type'Image (S.Length));
   for X of S loop Put (Integer'Image (X)); end loop;
   New_Line;
end Main;

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;

procedure Main is
   Grenze : constant := 50;
   Prim : array (2 .. Grenze) of Boolean := (others => True);
begin
   for I in 2 .. Grenze loop
      if Prim (I) then
         for J in I * I .. Grenze loop
            if J mod I = 0 then
               Prim (J) := False;
            end if;
         end loop;
      end if;
   end loop;
   for I in Prim'Range loop
      if Prim (I) then
         Put (Integer'Image (I));
      end if;
   end loop;
   New_Line;
end Main;

with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;

procedure Main is
   type Ampel is (Rot, Gelb, Gruen);
   Feld : array (1 .. 4) of Integer := (1, 2, 3, 4);
begin
   Put_Line (Ampel'Image (Ampel'First) & " " & Ampel'Image (Ampel'Last));
   Put_Line (Ampel'Image (Ampel'Val (1)) & Integer'Image (Ampel'Pos (Gruen)));
   Put_Line (Integer'Image (Integer'Min (3, 7)) & Integer'Image (Integer'Max (3, 7)));
   Put_Line (Integer'Image (Feld'Length) & Integer'Image (Feld'First) & Integer'Image (Feld'Last));
   Put_Line (Integer'Image (Integer'Size) & Integer'Image (Character'Size));
   Put_Line (Boolean'Image (Boolean'Succ (False)));
   Put_Line (Integer'Image (Integer'Value (" 12 ")));
end Main;